In this method, the final image is not reversed as it is in the direct method. The transfer film is then lifted and carefully placed and pressed upon the target surface. The image is then lifted from the subject after placing and pressing a piece of nylon or polyethylene on the ink-covered object. In tensha-hō, the subject is prepared and inked as in the direct method. These are situations when it would be impossible to apply the foundation of the work directly to the surface of the inked subject. It was developed when the objective of the printing was to create the image on a hard surface such as wood, leather, plastic or even the wall of a dwelling. The transfer method ( 転写法, tensha-hō) is lesser known and used.The fish offers the detail of its relief through the silk, and the ink is applied painstakingly to the silk while adhered to the fish, with tampos (applicators made of silk wrapped around cotton). This method involves adhering washi paper, silk, or other fabric to the fish using rice paste. The indirect method ( 間接法, kansetsu-hō) is a more painstaking process, and yields very delicate and detailed images.At this point, dampened washi ("rice" paper) is applied to the fish, and an image is created by careful hand rubbing or pressing. The fish is cleaned, prepped, supported, and then inked. The direct method ( 直接法, chokusetsu-hō) is the closest the original method.This original form of gyotaku, as a recording method for fishermen, is still utilized today, and can be seen hanging in tackle shops in Japan.Įventually it evolved into an art form with three different approaches: It is rumored that samurai would settle fishing competitions using gyotaku prints. Prints were made using sumi ink and washi paper. The gyotaku method of printmaking uses fish, sea creatures, or similar subjects as its ' printing plates'. This form of nature printing was used by fishermen to record their catches, but has also become an art form of its own. Gyotaku ( 魚拓, from gyo "fish" + taku " stone impression") is the traditional Japanese method of printing fish, a practice which dates back to the mid-1800s.
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